QUESTION 1
_______________ is information acquired from other members of oneâs species through social learning, affecting an individualâs behavior.
collectivism
culture
social loafing
individualism
4 points
QUESTION 2
What does the WEIRD acronym stand for
people from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Revolting, and Democratic societies
people from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Demanding societies
people from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic societies
people from Western, Educated, Idealized, Rich, and Democratic societies
4 points
QUESTION 3
__________ emphasizes equality and benevolence, in contrast, __________ emphasizes freedom but not equality.
horizontal culture, vertical culture
traditional culture, non-traditional culture
non-traditional culture, traditional culture
vertical culture, horizontal culture
4 points
QUESTION 4
Which of the following is NOT viewed as a reason for why many cultures are becoming more individualistic compared with past generations?
people live more suburban lifestyles today.
people have fewer siblings today.
people rely on electronic entertainment more today.
todays generation has not lived through a big threat like World War II where people felt that they shared a common fate with their neighbors.
4 points
QUESTION 5
Adolescent rebellion
is more pronounced in societies with more role distinctions and opportunities.
is universal, although adolescent violence is not.
is especially pronounced in collectivistic societies.
is something that is observed in the vast majority of the worlds cultures.
4 points
QUESTION 6
Which statement about personality structure across cultures is most accurate?
The only trait that emerges reliably across all cultures is neuroticism.
The âBig 5â factors of personality are found in most cultures.
The âBig 5â only emerges reliably in cultures characterized by independent views of self.
Neuroticism is the only trait of the âBig 5â that does not emerge reliably across cultures.
4 points
QUESTION 7
What is considered moral by those at Kohlbergâs Preconventional Level of moral development is
that which is most likely to lead to rewards and is least likely to lead to punishment.
that which is associated with the strongest emotions.
that which follows the most logically.
that which is consistent with the rules.
4 points
QUESTION 8
People are better at identifying emotional expressions if
the target is expressing a negative emotion.
they are experiencing the same emotion while making the judgment.
they are able to ignore the contextual cues.
they are of the same culture as the person expressing the emotion.
4 points
QUESTION 9
What is considered immoral by the standards of the ethic of community?
that which betrays his or her group.
that which interferes with the rights of another person.
that which is perceived to be unnatural.
that which causes harm to another person.
4 points
QUESTION 10
Which of the following does NOT appear to be a universal basis of physical attraction?
blemish-free skin.
average-sized bodies.
symmetrical faces.
faces without abnormally sized features.
4 points
QUESTION 11
Higher suicide rates among Canadian First Nation youths
appear to be largely the result of copy-cat suicides.
are due to different cultural meanings of suicide.
have been steadily dropping over time.
are associated with their communities having few connections to their traditional past.
4 points
QUESTION 12
The tendency to exert less effort on a task when working with other people is called
social loafing
blending
cultural distance
frame-switching
4 points
QUESTION 13
The ability to move between multiple self-concepts depending on context is referred to as
frame-switching
cultural distance
blending
social loafing
4 points
QUESTION 14
Comparisons of eye gaze between East Asians and Westerners reveal that
Westerners spend longer time gazing at focal objects than do East Asians.
their gazes tend to initially start out different, but become more similar over time attending to an object.
although people describe scenes differently, they are actually looking at objects quite similarly.
Westerners shift their attention around more than East Asians.
4 points
QUESTION 15
According to the definition offered in the textbook, which of the following would NOT be a good example of âculture.â
IPods.
A child is given a new puzzle that she has never seen before, and she discovers a novel solution by herself.
A child learning how to tie her shoes from her mother.
A wild chimpanzee mother teaches young chimpanzees to use tools.
4 points
QUESTION 16
When it comes to analytic reasoning tasks
East Asians are usually unable to solve them.
East Asians choose rule-based responses if there is a conflict between rule- and similarity-based judgments.
East Asians choose similarity-based responses if there is a conflict between rule- and similarity-based judgments.
on average, East Asians have much difficulty with them relative to Westerners.
4 points
QUESTION 17
Self-esteem is related to acculturation in that
peopleâs self-esteem comes to approximate the self-esteem norms in the host culture as they acculturate.
the more acculturated an individual is, the higher is their self-esteem.
greater self-esteem hinders oneâs ability to acculturate to the host culture.
separation attitudes are associated with the highest self-esteem.
4 points
QUESTION 18
A key difference between âculturalâ psychologists and âgeneralâ psychologists is that
cultural psychologists study people from different cultures while general psychologists study people from one culture.
cultural psychologists believe that the mind is interdependent with context and content whereas general psychologists believe that the mind is independent from context and content.
general psychologists believe that people are born with essentially the same brains everywhere, whereas cultural psychologists believe that people are born with different kinds of brains in different cultures.
general psychologists study people who have had their culture statistically controlled for.
4 points
QUESTION 19
__________ is based on new principles, ideas, and practices, while __________ is rooted in rules, symbols, and principles established in the past
non-traditional culture, traditional culture
vertical culture, horizontal culture
horizontal culture, vertical culture
traditional culture, non-traditional culture
4 points
QUESTION 20
Which of the following behaviors is evidence for a secure attachment style?
the child avoids her mother when she is around.
the child gets upset when the mother leaves, and is happy to see her upon her return.
the child oscillates between wanting to be near or wanting to be apart from her mother.
the child is not distressed when her mother is absent.
4 points
QUESTION 21
Which of the following is NOT one of the Big 5 personality traits?
Openness to experience
Extraversion
Autonomy
Neuroticism
4 points
QUESTION 22
Research on facial expressions across cultures finds that the expressions made among Americans for the âbasicâ emotions
are recognized much above chance in all cultures studied.
are recognized by those from cultures with much contact with Americans, but are not recognized by those from cultures with little contact with Americans.
are largely unrecognizable by those from other cultures.
are recognized in other cultures for happiness and sadness, but not for anger and disgust.
4 points
QUESTION 23
Research on religion, relational styles, and work found
Protestants work harder than non-Protestants, but only when they are reminded of their religion.
Protestants work as hard as non-Protestants, however, they do so without attending to their relationships, regardless of condition.
Protestants attend less to relationships than non-Protestants when engaged in a work task.
Protestants work harder, regardless of condition, than non-Protestants.
4 points
QUESTION 24
During a professional ice hockey game, fans from around the world saw Tony Bertram, a professional hockey player, punch an unsuspecting player in the face and throw him onto the ice. Based on what you know about analytic and holistic thinking styles, which of the following do you think is most likely to happen?
East Asians and Westerners will equally blame Tonyâs nasty personality.
East Asians will blame Tonyâs nasty personality, and Westerners will blame Tonyâs family problems.
East Asians and Westerners will equally blame Tonyâs family problems.
East Asians will blame Tonyâs family problems, and Westerners will blame Tonyâs nasty personality.
4 points
QUESTION 25
Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic elements of sociality distinguished by A. P. Fiske?
Communal sharing
Social loafing
Authority ranking
Market pricing
4 points
QUESTION 26
Biculturalism is more common
in societies largely formed by immigration
in ethnically diverse neighborhoods
among immigrants with longer residence in society of settlement
all of the above
4 points
QUESTION 27
When people from non-Western cultures complete the Twenty Statements Test, in contrast to people from Western cultures, they tend to
list more roles and relationships.
list more psychological attributes.
list more positive attributes.
list more situation-invariant attributes.
4 points
QUESTION 28
Romantic love is
a product of individualism, and a concern with meeting an individualâs unique needs.
something that grows with age until the birth of children.
a recent phenomenon in some human cultures.
something that appears to exist in all cultures.
4 points
QUESTION 29
Which statement about social anxiety and culture is NOT true?
East Asians report less symptoms than Westerners
Social anxiety is a disorder that is found universally across cultures
Interdependence strongly correlates with self-reports of social anxiety
East Asians report more symptoms than Westerners
4 points
QUESTION 30
A key difference between evoked culture and transmitted culture is that
evoked culture spreads much quicker than does transmitted culture.
evoked culture is more likely found in nonliterate societies, whereas transmitted culture is more common in literate societies.
evoked culture is limited to a specific geographical setting, whereas transmitted culture can move across different ecologies.
the majority of cultural differences are evoked than are transmitted.
4 points
QUESTION 31
Ken has an interdependent self-concept, and wants to get married. Compared to someone with an independent self-concept, he is more likely to prefer:
that an internet service chooses his partner.
that his classmates choose for him.
that his family members choose for him.
to choose his marriage partner himself.
4 points
QUESTION 32
Which of the following is not one of the âbasic emotions.â
fear
surprise
disgust
pride
4 points
QUESTION 33
North American culture perceive unsolicited advice __________, while Russian culture view solicited and unsolicited advice ________________.
negatively, as a desire to support a relationship
as a desire to support a relationship, negatively
as a desire to support a relationship, uncaringly
negatively, uncaringly
4 points
QUESTION 34
The individual maintains his or her own cultural identity and rejects involvement with the host culture is descriptive of which acculturation strategy?
Separation
Marginalization
Integration
Assimilation
4 points
QUESTION 35
Why isnât there much cumulative culture among chimpanzees?
Chimpanzees arenât very good at imitative learning.
Chimpanzees donât have skilled problem-solving skills.
Chimpanzees are not a social species.
Chimpanzees arenât able to write their ideas down for future generations to read.
4 points
QUESTION 36
You are introduced to a person who is said to have an independent view of self. Based on Markus and Kitayamaâs model, which of the following would you least expect the person to say?
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âI am a responsible person.â
âIâm a member of a ballet dance group.â
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